In addition, unknown autoimmune diseases such as systemic psoriasis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, or ankylosing spondylitis could also make TMJ ankylosis. Previous surgical resection of TMJ involved tumors, or related radiotherapy could also induce fibrotic scarring with TMJ surrounding tissue indurations and, consequently, result in limited jaw motions. ![]() ![]() Localized or systemic infections, such as odontogenic origin or osteomyelitis of the long bones, are the most well-known reasons, and previous untreated mandibular condyle fracture including subcondylar or capping is also the frequent cause of TMJ ankylosis. The etiology of TMJ ankylosis can be idiopathic or related to congenital deformity, trauma, arthritis, infection, or previous TMJ surgery. ![]() Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis might include fibrous or bony adhesions in the TMJ that limit functional opening of the mouth.
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